Usually, students can hold daily simple conversations about greetings, hobbies, weather, time, shopping, orientation, transport, colors, likes and dislikes, talking about family and friends, ordering food at a local restaurant after completion of an 80-hour- beginner’s course.
For further complex sentences, you need to go to intermediate and advanced levels.
Of course, it also depends on how hard you work and how much time you invest in learning the language. You can improve your learning success by creating learning posters, putting stickers all around your flat, writing flashcards, singing the sounds, and practicing the language by what you learned in every possible situation. It is important to be enthusiastic about the phonetic exercises since Chinese is a tonal language.